Answering history questions Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Responding to history questions - Term Paper Example The Soviets would overwhelm Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania; Britain would control Greece; Yugoslavia would be shared by the two nations. The nation which was NOT referenced at all in the deal was Finland, of indispensable significance to Stalin. (3pts) 6. By early November, 1944, the Red Army, after triumphs in Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, arrived at the doors of Budapest, Hungary. Hungarian and German soldiers mounted a savage guard of the city; capitulation came in February 1945. (3pts) 7. ___(C)_____ Select the letter which speaks to the precise chronology?(a. Bombed overthrow against Hitler , Soviet acknowledgment of the Polish â€Å"Lublin† or socialist government , Allied catch of Cherbourg, Allied catch of Rome, Operation Overlord b. United Capture of Cherbourg, Allied Capture of Rome, Operation Overlord, Failed overthrow against Hitler, Soviet acknowledgment of the Polish â€Å"Lublin† or socialist government c. Activity Overlord , Allied Capture of Cherbourg , Failed upset against Hitler, Soviet acknowledgment of Polish â€Å"Lublin† or socialist government d. Partnered catch of Rome , Operation Overlord, Allied Capture of Cherbourg, Failed overthrow against Hitler, Soviet acknowledgment of the Polish â€Å"Lublin† or socialist government. The airborne activity rose basically because of the 1944 activity overlord’s achievement, just as the subsequent Battle of Normandy. The exacerbating of the united flexibly wonder and the expanding contentions and clashes during the time, required the arrangement of an airborne arrangement. Various reasons can be ascribed to the disappointment of the Operation Market garden. Such reasons incorporate lack of common sense, absence of legitimate and adequate hardware, absence of enough airplanes, mistakes in dynamic, the annihilation of the railroad connect, unforgiving climate conditions, specialized issues that, for instance, came about into poor correspondence, and by and large, the excessively idealistic

Free Essays on Bolivia

Bolivia is a nation situated in Central South America and to be definite with its area, it is discovered 17S, 65W on a compass. Many neighboring nations, for example, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Peru encompass it. This is a nation whose condition comprises of sticky and tropical atmosphere, rough territory, marsh fields, soil disintegration from overgrazing, and the wonderful Andes Mountain. To talk on Bolivia’s history it is a piece of the old Incan Empire known for their mineral riches. With the first habitants be migrant tracker assembles the minerals around then was not a major issue at that point. After Spaniards crushed the Incans a large portion of the populace left was brought to become slaves. In 1825, they won their autonomy and named the nation after the savior, Simon Bolivar. When visiting Bolivia there are a few destinations to see and investigate. Halting by the Tiahuanaco Temple, Copocabaã ±a on Lake Titicaca, the town of Yumani, Sucre, and continually halting to the road markets is a most. Having the chance to ride on a ferryboat and see authentic destinations is captivating. I couldn't want anything more than to visit Bolivia to see for the shopping, vessel rides, recorded locales, their selection program and the examination abroad projects they offer. I would exhortation any individual who is keen on embracing under benefit kids or participating in a global examination abroad program, that Bolivia is the spot to go!... Free Essays on Bolivia Free Essays on Bolivia Bolivia is a nation situated in Central South America and to be precise with its area, it is discovered 17S, 65W on a compass. Many neighboring nations, for example, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Peru encompass it. This is a nation whose condition comprises of damp and tropical atmosphere, rough landscape, swamp fields, soil disintegration from overgrazing, and the wonderful Andes Mountain. To talk on Bolivia’s history it is a piece of the old Incan Empire known for their mineral riches. With the first habitants be traveling tracker assembles the minerals around then was not a major issue at that point. After Spaniards vanquished the Incans the greater part of the populace left was brought to become slaves. In 1825, they won their freedom and named the nation after the emancipator, Simon Bolivar. When visiting Bolivia there are a few locales to see and investigate. Halting by the Tiahuanaco Temple, Copocabaã ±a on Lake Titicaca, the town of Yumani, Sucre, and continually halting to the road markets is a most. Having the chance to ride on a ferryboat and see chronicled destinations is interesting. I couldn't imagine anything better than to visit Bolivia to see for the shopping, pontoon rides, chronicled destinations, their selection program and the investigation abroad projects they offer. I would exhortation any individual who is keen on embracing under benefit kids or participating in a global investigation abroad program, that Bolivia is the spot to go!...

The Stress of Move-In Day

The Stress of Move-In Day Move-in day has come and gone for the class of 2020, and the tension between parents and students alike couldnt have been more clear. So on  a day that is supposed to be filled with excitement, why do we all seemed so stressed? Id like to think of it in terms of  this cheesy metaphor: Move-in day is like a gallon of your favorite ice cream. How so? At first, your stomach is rumbling and your mouth is watering. Youre so ready to dive in spoonful by spoonful until you are immersed in an ice cream coma of delightfulness. Until you hit a wall: Who forgot to pack the sprinkles? Who forgot the whipped cream? Or, in my case, who forgot the command strips and who forgot the duct tape? And as you bicker about who forgot what, your excitement begins to fade along with your  ice cream that remains uneaten. No matter how many 9 Hacks for College Packing BuzzFeeds you see, youre still unprepared.  And eventually, all of your creamy delicacy has transformed into a pile of thick disappointment. Thus, stress. So, the underlying question is, how do we recovering from the move-in shock? The truth of the matter is that there is no secret to a stress-free move-in. The best thing you can do is be patient with your family, as they are going through a transition equally as challenging as yours. And while you are already planning the nights activities, theyre biggest plans for the evening are sending you off to adulthood. So remember: Relax, prepare, and come to move-in with a positive  mentality. Be patient with your family and give them the departure they deserve. Yes, it will take hours to set everything up, and yes, you may have forgotten a thing or two, but things are just  things. And when its all said and done, your room will look picture perfect at least for a few days. Rachel Class of 2020 I am studying Middle Grades Education with concentrations in Social Sciences and Literacy in the College of Education. Although I now reside in Champaign, I am originally from Vernon Hills, a Northwest suburb of Chicago.

Euthanasia a Right to Die or a Right to Kill

Euthanasia: a Right to Die or a Right to Kill? Wikipedia gives the following definition of euthanasia: It is a practice of ending life in a manner which relieves pain and suffering. And there is one more detailed definition from Committee on Medical Ethics: Euthanasia is a deliberate intervention undertaken with the intention of ending life to relieve intractable suffering. There are also several synonyms that can help to understand the notion of euthanasia, namely assisted suicide and excusable homicide. According to this euthanasia can be categorized in different ways including voluntary and involuntary, active and passive. Active euthanasia can be viewed as homicide and in this case it is considered as criminal. Passive euthanasia is mostly considered as non-criminal. Lets consider arguments for euthanasia. First of all, euthanasia gives a way to relieve unbearable pain. But is it a weighty argument? Modern technologies provide a lot of pain-relieving solutions – it makes the argument less forceful. Moreover, is a sick person who suffers from severe pain able to make objective appraisal of his medical condition? One should also take into consideration that fact that illness is usually accompanied by depression. Second argument for euthanasia says that people have right to commit a suicide. But†¦Do we give a right to die or a right to kill that will not be criminalized? Thirdly, euthanasia is supported by freedom of choice; people must not be pushed to stay alive. And again, does the condition of person allow him to evaluate the situation without bias? I dont think so. And what are the arguments against euthanasia? Euthanasia depreciates human life. Euthanasia may transfer from voluntary to involuntary. Euthanasia may be used not only for people who are mortally sick. Does it sound weighty enough? I think more than enough. In conclusion, religions are different. But there is the only and extremely important issue that unites Christianity and Islam: suicide is forbidden. God gives us life and God takes it back. And its not up to human beings to make such a decision.

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Yakult Free Essays

Yakult was established in Japan in 1930. Their core product is YakultProbiotics fermented milk which was proved to help people’s health and wellness, as well asnice complexion and a slim form. Yakult entered Vietnam in 2006 (Yakult Vietnam) and theyhave just made their sales since June 2008. We will write a custom essay sample on Yakult or any similar topic only for you Order Now Up to now, the business operations do not live up to expectation due to their incompetentmarketing and promotional activities. As a consequence, this report was composed to analyzeYakult Vietnam’s current situation, and recommend feasible marketing strategies to help themincrease their sales in Ho Chi Minh City market in particular. Continue Depressive Nowadays, almost everyone had heard Yakult. In our view, Yakult is an extremely famous beverages company. However, how can we imagine this small beverage can be an international product at the start? We believed that one of the successful reasons is their marketing strategies, say, Yakult place various advertisements, regularly and develop different flavor in different countries. Therefore, we are trying to find out what marketing strategies they are using in Hong Kong, Japan and Singapore, also what are the advantages and disadvantages of these marketing strategies. What is Yakult? Yakult is a fermented milk drink made by fermenting skim milk powder and sugar with the beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain. This bacterium helps to replenish the good bacteria in the small intestine, ensuring that our digestive system works efficiently and effectively. Is Yakult artificially coloured? No. The colour of Yakult is naturally acquired when the skim milk powder and sugar are heated together at high temperatures, prior to fermentation. Are there any preservatives in Yakult? No. The product is preserved naturally by the lactic acid produced by the bacteria Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain during fermentation. What is the shelf life of Yakult? The shelf life of Yakult is 45 days from the day of manufacture. The use-by-date can be found in two places: †¢On the back of our product packaging. †¢On the top of the foil cap on each individual bottle. 1. What is Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain? Lactobacillus casei are beneficial bacteria, which reach the intestines alive to favourably alter the balance of bacteria in the digestive system. Our unique, patented â€Å"Shirota Strain† is exceptionally acid resistant. It easily survives the journey through the gastric juices and bile acids produced during digestion to arrive alive in our intestine, helping to keep our digestive system working efficiently What is the role of Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain? †¢To help normalise the balance of intestinal flora. †¢To assist in regulating the peristaltic movement (natural rhythm) of the bowel. †¢To help reduce detrimental substances produced by harmful bacteria. 3. How many bacteria are in a bottle of Yakult? There are 6. 5 billion Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain in every 65ml bottle of Yakult If drinking Yakult for a long time, can the Yakult strain of bacteria become a permanent resident of the small intestine? No. Ingested bacteria cannot become a permanent resident of the human intestine. Ingested bacteria stays in the intestine for a short period of time before being excreted. To maintain a balance of intestinal flora, the bacteria need to be replenished on a regular basis. Is there anyone who should not drink Yakult? Any individuals that experience allergies to cow’s milk protein or those with sensitivity to citrus should not drink Yakult. 2. Is Yakult suitable for people with diabetes? Yes. People with diabetes can enjoy Yakult and Yakult LIGHT as part of a healthy diet. Despite the amount of sugar in Yakult and Yakult LIGHT (refer Nutrition section), the type of sugar used enters the blood gradually and does not significantly increase blood glucose levels. This means that both products have a low Glycaemic Index (GI). †¢Yakult GI = 46 (Low) †¢Yakult LIGHT GI = 36 (Low) How much sugar is in Yakult? There are 11. 4 grams of sugar per 65mL bottle of Yakult, which is equivalent to two heaped teaspoons. Yakult LIGHT contains 7. 1 grams of sugar per 65mL bottle. There are a number of reasons why sugar is in Yakult: †¢Some sugar is added prior to fermentation for the bacteria to use as fuel. This enables them to grow and multiply. †¢After fermentation, some sugar is added to provide an energy source for the duration of the 45-day shelf life of the product. †¢A small quantity of sugar is also added for taste. This is because the bacteria produce lactic acid resulting in a slightly sour taste. Sweetener (955), known as sucralose, is added to Yakult LIGHT for taste. 1. How many calories/kilojoules per bottle? There are 51 calories or 213 kilojoules per bottle of Yakult. This is about the same energy content as a medium apple. Yakult LIGHT contains 35 calories or 149 kilojoules per bottle. 2. Is there any fat or cholesterol in Yakult? No. Yakult is fat free and cholesterol free because it is made from skim milk powder. Yakult is worth 0. 5 points on the Weight Watchers 1,2,3 point system. 3. Can Yakult replace milk for calcium intake? No. Yakult contains only a small amount of calcium because there is only a small amount of skim milk powder in Yakult. Such a small volume (65mL) means that it cannot be substituted for milk as a source of calcium. Who discovered Yakult? Dr Shirota discovered the Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain more than 70 years ago. He then incorporated this unique bacteria into a fruity tasty drink which he called Yakult. Named in honour of Dr Shirota’s discovery, this unique beneficial bacteria is known to contribute to digestive balance and is enjoyed daily by more than 25 million eople worldwide. Yakult’s Shirota strain: †¢ Is resistant to stomach acids and reaches the intestines alive †¢ Controls levels of harmful bacteria †¢ Helps maintain digestive balance †¢ Replenishes the number of good bacteria that may have been depleted by antibiotics, stress, natural ageing, or poor food and drink choices. †¢ Helps regulate bowel movements †¢ Helps boost natu ral immunity; particularly when you’re run down. Yakult is: †¢ Gluten free †¢ Fat free †¢ Cholesterol free †¢ Low Lactose (1g/bottle) †¢ Low GI – Yakult GI = 46, Yakult LIGHT GI = 36 Yakult contains: †¢ NO artificial colours †¢ NO artificial flavours †¢ NO preservatives Plus, only Yakult contains the live, beneficial Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain. There are two types of Yakult cultured milk drink. One is with the red cap while the other is with the blue cap (as shown above in the photo). The blue cap is the less sugar drink while the red cap is the original flavor and the blue cap is a little bit more expensive compare to the red cap bottle. The sugar level in the original flavor Yakult drink is similar to the sugar level in an apple. Probiotics is a dietary supplement of live bacteria or yeast that is considered to be healthy for the host organism. They are inteded to assist the body’s gut flora, a naturally occurring ecology of microbes, to re-establish themselves. There are claims that probiotics strengthen the immune system against allergies, excess alcohol intake, stress, exposure to toxic substances and some diseases. Depending on the strain, there are benefits such as prevention of colon cancer, lowering cholesterol, blood pressure and many others. Yakult Honsha Co. , Ltd was established in Japan in 1930. Their core product is YakultProbiotics fermented milk which was proved to help people’s health and wellness, as well asnice complexion and a slim form. Yakult entered Vietnam in 2006 (Yakult Vietnam) and theyhave just made their sales since June 2008. Up to now, the business operations do not live up to expectation due to their incompetentmarketing and promotional activities. As a consequence, this report was composed to analyzeYakult Vietnam’s current situation, and recommend feasible marketing strategies to help themincrease their sales in Ho Chi Minh City market in particular. How to cite Yakult, Essay examples

Competitive Strategy for Coca-Cola Company- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCompetitive Strategy for Coca-Cola Company. Answer: Introduction Established in 1886, the Coca-Cola Company is one of the unique and oldest brands in the sector of carbonated soft drink. Along with the most guarded secret in the history of world business, Coca-cola has grown as a corporation over almost two centuries. Spread over almost all the countries except Cuba and North Korea, Coca-cola has achieved a status, which was unimaginable for a soft drink company before its genesis. Among PepsiCo, Cott, Faygo, Dr. Pepper Snapple Group and Jones Soda; Coca-Cola remains favourite due to its innovative marketing strategies, secret ingredient and most importantly variety of products it offers (De Mooij 2013). Adaptation The key to win over the global market is the ability to adapt according to various economic and geographical boundaries. Coca-cola sells its products in the major cities of US and Europe in one hand, whereas on the other hand it has also set its foot in the interiors of Africa and other third world nations. The soft drink company has implied of strategy of recycling of the packaging material, distribution of dealership to the local dealers and has even deducted the cost of packaging from its sell price in order to allure the consumers in Africa. The sales of a soft drink company depend on four basic factors; availability, visibility, cooling and range in all economies (developed or emerging economies). The per-capita profit of Coca-cola products is low in the third world countries (Company et al., 2017). Coca-cola tries to create a connection between the brands and the consumers through various marketing strategies. The Coca-Cola Company has 900 production units for liquid and bottli ng plants, which explains its strong distribution system around the world. Coca-cola also spends about a 20 percent of their total budget in advertising in order to hold their market share. Aggregation The Coca-Cola Company has one of the best distribution systems across the world. The company had contracts with the food chains like Mc Donalds and Dominos as a part of the selling strategy around the world. As these two restaurant chains are spread over all the major cities around the world, Coca-Cola has used this strategy to reach its consumers and allure new among them. The structure of the company is subdivided into five geographical areas; North America, Latin America, Middle East and South Asia, Eastern and Central Europe and Africa (it contains 50 countries) (The Coca-cola Company 2017). The plants of Coca-cola are located all around the world in order to smoothen the supply chain. The corporation has also sponsored world events like FIFA World cup, Tour de France and Copa America as a global strategy to aggregate and increase the number of customers (Bhasin 2017). Arbitrage After Coke took over Parle in 1994 it took the advantage over Pepsi, as it got access to two hundred thousand of Parles retail outlets and 60 bottlers (Brandwatch 2017). The market shares of Coke reached upto about 60 percent after Parles inclusion in compared to Pepsis 26% in countries like India. . For cheaper labour it has running industrious units in India and China which also addresses and acts as a supply source in the large market of South Asia. This cuts down the cost of these products. Conclusion 75% of Cocacolas sales is dependent on soda in compared to 50% of Pepsi Co. per-capita drink consumption has reportedly decreased over the last decade (NASDAQ.com. 2017). Therefore, this is an alarming situation for Cocacola. Cocacola is building on its strategy of doing well outside US and make their US propositions better whereas Pepsi Co. has an edge over Coca-cola in the US. References De Mooij, M., 2013.Global marketing and advertising: Understanding cultural paradoxes. Sage Publications. Bhasin, H. (2017).Marketing strategy of Coca cola - Coca cola strategy. [online] Marketing91. Available at: https://www.marketing91.com/marketing-strategy-of-coca-cola/ [Accessed 22 May 2017]. Brandwatch. (2017).Coke vs Pepsi: Market Share Analysis on Social. [online] Available at: https://www.brandwatch.com/blog/the-coke-vs-pepsi-social-presence-showdown/ [Accessed 22 May 2017]. NASDAQ.com. (2017).Coke Vs. Pepsi: By The Numbers. [online] Available at: https://www.nasdaq.com/article/coke-vs-pepsi-by-the-numbers-cm337909 [Accessed 22 May 2017]. Company, O., Main, O., Journey, A., Mission, V., Inclusion, D., Rights, H., Overview, W., Diversity, S., Leaders, C., System, T., History, C., Reports, C., Report, S., (U.S.), C., Foundation, T., Coca-Cola, W., Store, C., Main, I., Review, 2., Information, I., Information, I., Events, I., Information, S., Governance, C., Filings, I., Center, P., Main, P., Releases, P., Statements, C., Library, V., Library, I., Contacts, P., Main, C., Us, C., Main, C., Page, F., FORWARD, O., Replenishment, W., Diversity, S., Back, G., Recipes, F., Review, 2., System, T., Company, Overview, Journey, Mission, V., Inclusion, Rights, Workplace, Foundation, Leadership, System, History, Reports, Report, (U.S.), Coca-Cola, Store, System, Bottling, Engagement, Pillars, Workplace, O., Itself, H., Health Safety: We Are Focused on the Safety of Our Employees, O., FIZZ, T., Bottles, W., Ramadan, L., Recipe, C., Alone, R., Tasted, T., Recipe, C. and Nationwide, C. (2017).The Coca-Cola System. [online] The Coca-Co la Company. Available at: https://www.coca-colacompany.com/our-company/the-coca-cola-system [Accessed 22 May 2017]. The Coca Cola Company. (2017).Distribution and global adaptation. [online] Available at: https://cocacolageoassignment.weebly.com/distribution-and-global-adaptation.html [Accessed 22 May 2017].

How to Write Content for the Middle of the Funnel

While the marketing funnel is a common framework in marketing, middle-of-the-funnel content doesn’t always get the attention it deserves. Up at the top of the funnel, we’re busy trying to build awareness and collect new leads. While at the bottom of the funnel, we’re working hard to seal the deal. But what about everything in between? The middle of the funnel represents a valuable opportunity to nurture your relationship with leads and move them closer to a potential purchase. That said, writing effective content for mid-funnel buyers isn’t always straightforward. That’s because your content needs to be more in-depth than an introductory blog post without giving readers the hard sell about your product or service. Free Actionable Bonus: Get the complete guide Creating Content for All 4 Stages of The Buyer Journey Getting to Know the Middle of the Funnel Most marketers are familiar with a marketing funnel. At the top of the funnel, or the â€Å"awareness† stage of the journey, visitors find out about your products and services. As their interest in and awareness of your product grows, prospects move down the funnel towards making a conversion at the end. The middle of the funnel, often known as the â€Å"consideration† or â€Å"evaluation† stage of the buyer’s journey, is where people weigh their different options. During this stage, the goal for companies is to build relationships with leads and help them decide if your products or services are the best fit for their needs. Ideas for Middle of the Funnel Content So, how exactly do you create effective content for the middle of the funnel? Here are 5 types of content that cater to buyers in the consideration stage: 2. White papers: Some marketers see white papers as strictly top-of-the-funnel-content, but these in-depth papers can also work well in the middle of the funnel. Packed with information and details, white papers allow you to dive deep into your product’s features and explain how your product can solve specific problems. 3. Newsletters: You’re bound to have leads that don’t necessarily need you right now, but there’s a good chance they will in the future. Newsletters are a great long-term strategy for staying in touch with these prospects and keeping your business fresh in their minds for when they do start to evaluate possible options. 4. Ebooks: Like white papers, ebooks offer another opportunity to take a deep dive into your business’s area of expertise and guide prospects toward a specific solution. Customer-service software maker Zendesk excels at this type of content, creating in-depth educational pieces that cater to targeted audiences. For example, they offer a free ebook that covers the ins and outs of creating and managing virtual teams–a detailed look at a topic that probably wouldn’t be tackled in a top-of-the-funnel blog post. 5. Comparisons: Considering that the middle of the funnel is also known as the evaluation stage, it makes sense to help potential customers assess a few different options. Comparison content aims to do exactly that by showing 3 or 4 different companies side-by-side and making easy for readers to compare their costs and benefits. This is the perfect place to highlight your unique value proposition and position your solution as the one that best fits their needs. Don’t Forget the Middle Child While the majority of marketing focuses on the top and bottom of the funnel, having an effective middle of the funnel content strategy is a great way to keep your brand top-of-mind and move people closer to making a decision. The middle of the funnel is the link that speaks to the leads you captured at the top of the funnel and guides the most qualified ones closer to a purchase.

7th Grade Essay Prompts

7th Grade Essay Prompts By seventh grade, students should be refining the core writing skills of brainstorming, researching, outlining, drafting, and revising. In order to hone these skills, seventh-grade students need regular practice writing a variety of essay styles, including narrative, persuasive, expository, and creative essays. The following essay prompts offer age-appropriate starting points to help seventh graders flex their writing muscles. Narrative Essay Writing Prompts Narrative essays share a personal experience to tell a story,  usually  to make a point rather than  merely to  entertain. These narrative essay prompts encourage students to describe and reflect on a story thats meaningful to them. Embarrassing Pasts - As people get older, they are sometimes embarrassed by things they used to like, such as toys, television shows, or nicknames. Describe  something that you used to enjoy that you now find embarrassing. Why is it embarrassing now?Bonds of Hardship - Sometimes difficulties  draw families closer.  Describe something that your family endured together that strengthened your relationships.There’s No Place Like Home - What makes your hometown special?  Explain this special quality.New Kid  in Town  - Being  new  to a  town or school can be challenging because you don’t know anyone, or exciting because no one knows you and your past. Describe a time when you were the new kid.Finders Keepers  -  Write about a time when you lost (or found) something of value. How did that experience affect your opinion of the saying, â€Å"Finders keepers; losers weepers?Follow the Leader -  Describe a time when you were in a leadership role.  How d id it make you feel? What did you learn from the experience? April Fools -  Write about the best prank you’ve ever played on someone (or had played on you).  What made it so clever or funny?Bon Appetit - Special meals can be powerful memory-makers. Write about a specific meal that stands out in your memory. What made it so unforgettable?Bon Voyage - Family trips and vacations also create lasting memories. Write an essay  detailing  your favorite family vacation memory.Batter Up -  Write about a valuable lesson that you learned while playing your favorite sport.Best Friends Forever -  Describe your friendship with your BFF and what makes it so important to you.The Real Me -  What is one thing you wish your parents, teachers, or coaches really understood or knew about you?TV  -  Explain what makes your  favorite television show  so enjoyable or relatable to you. Persuasive Essay Writing Prompts Persuasive essays use facts and reasoning to convince the reader to embrace the writer’s opinion or take a course of action. These essay prompts empower seventh graders to write persuasively about an issue they genuinely care about.   Outdated Laws - What is one law or family or school rule that you think needs to be changed?  Convince lawmakers, your parents, or school leaders to make the change.Bad Ads - Advertising can have a powerful impact on consumers.  What is a  product that you’ve seen advertised that you don’t think should be? Explain why  the media should quit showing these ads.Puppy Love - You want a pet, but your parents don’t think you need one. What would you say to change their minds?Lights, Camera - What is your favorite book of all time? Write an essay  convincing  a producer to make a movie about it.Snooze Button - Studies have shown that tweens and teens need more sleep.  Write a proposal for a later school  start time.Body Shop - Magazines can negatively impact their readers’ body image by using edited images of models. Convince a teen magazine publisher that they should not use heavily-edited model images in their publication.It Can’t Be Over - The  network is canceling  your favorite television  show. Write a paper convincing the station that they’re making a mistake. Curfews -  Some malls have policies forbidding kids under 18 to be at the mall without adult supervision during certain times. Do you think this is fair or unfair? Defend your position.Team Spirit - Should homeschooled students be allowed to play sports on public or private school teams? Why or why not?Smartphones - All of your friends have the latest smartphone, but you only have a â€Å"dumb phone.† Should your parents  upgrade your phone, or are smartphones for middle school kids a bad idea?Bullies - Some dogs, such as pit bulls or  Dobermans, are labeled â€Å"bully breeds.†Ã‚  Is this label deserved or undeserved?Money Can’t Buy You Love - People say that money can’t buy  happiness, but some studies have shown that people with higher incomes may be happier. Do you think  this is true? Why or why not?Ratings -  There are age restrictions on movies and video games, ratings on  television shows, and  warning labels on music. Computers and smartphones offer parental controls. Do adults have too much control over what kids watch and listen to or do these restrictions serve a valuable purpose? Expository Essay Writing Prompts Expository essays describe a process or provide factual information. These prompts can serve as jumping-off points for the explanatory process.   School’s in Session - Would you rather attend public school, private school, or be homeschooled. Explain the benefits of your choice.Admiration  -  Who do you  admire from your life or history? Write an essay describing how their character or contributions to their community have earned your respect.Global Community -  If you could live anywhere in the world, where would you live? Write about your dream hometown and why you want to live there.Peer Problems - Peer pressure and bullying can make life as a middle school student difficult.  Describe a time you were pressured or bullied and how it affected you.Order Up -  A friend wants to learn how to make your favorite food.  Detail the process, step-by-step, so your friend can recreate the dish.Addictions - Many  people are impacted by drug or alcohol addictions. Share facts about how  the  use of these substances negatively affects families or communities.  Serve Others - Community service is a valuable ex perience. Describe a time you volunteered. What did you do and how did it make you feel? City or Country Mouse - Do you live in a big city or a small town? Explain why you do or don’t like living there.Aspirations - What  do you want to be when you’re an adult? Explain why you’d choose that  career  or what you’ll do to prepare for it.Point in Time - Sometimes people bury time capsules so  future generations can learn about the past. What would you  include to give an accurate snapshot of life in the current time?Hobbyist  -  You’re  friend  wants to take up your favorite hobby. Explain  it to him.SOS - A natural disaster has destroyed homes and businesses in a nearby city. Describe what you can do to help.Wonder Twin Power  - Some superheroes can fly or  become invisible. If you could have any superpower, what would it be and why? Creative Essay Writing Prompts Creative essays are fictional stories.  They use  plot, character, and dialog to engage and entertain the reader. These prompts will get the creative juices flowing.   Fan Fic -  Write a story about your favorite characters from a book, film, or television show.Cats vs. Dogs - You have two pets of different species. Write a story from their point of view about a day  at home alone.Time Travel - You find a time machine in your backyard. What happens when you step inside?Dream State - Think about a time when you woke in the middle of a vivid dream. What would have happened if the dream  hadn’t been interrupted?New Door  -  You’ve just  discovered a door that you’ve never seen before. What happens when you walk through it?Secret Keeper - You find out your best friend has kept a secret from you. What is the secret and why didn’t your friend tell you?Fridge Fun - Write a story from the perspective of an item in your refrigerator.Desert Island - You’ve just discovered an uncharted island. What happens next?Fly on the Wall  - You  see two people talking excitedly, but you can’t hear what theyâ€⠄¢re saying.  Write a story about what they might be saying.Special Delivery - You receive a battered package in the mail. Write a story about its journey from the sender to you. A Mile in My Shoes - You find a pair of shoes in the thrift store and put them on. Suddenly you find yourself transported into someone else’s life. Describe what happens.Mission to Mars - Imagine that you’re a pioneer to start a colony on Mars. Write about a typical day on your new planet.Snow Days - You find yourself snowed in for a week with your family. There is no electricity or phone service.  What do you do for fun?

Thomas Nat's Cartoon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Thomas Nat's Cartoon - Essay Example He discovered the Uncle Sam character we now associate with the Federal government, and he even formulated what we know as the modern Santa Clause. Boss "Tweed" was a corrupt New York official on whom Tweed had set his sights. The results were most unflattering and might have been the draw that broke that eventually broke up the ring. Nast implemented certain advertising techniques use to discredit Boss Tweed. He represented him in dehumanizing icons along with poignant slogans. True, much of politics may be corrupt, but Nast publishing it in such stark manner is akin to "Reason Why" advertising. He created a need for people to act against political corruption in New York at the time. Nevertheless, some cartoons seem more effective than others. Some of the more effective are the one where everyone is pointing the finger, the one with the vulture caricatures, and the one with the city jail others are just hard to understand like the one money bag head and the one with the tiger. We have explored the role of advertising and the emergence of the political cartooning in America. Thomas Nast is the one credited with starting political satirist in the US. During the period immediately following the Civil War marked the beginning of a magazine boom, he unified these trends.

Ethical Dilemma Nursing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethical Dilemma Nursing - Assignment Example As doctors, their duty is to save the life of the patients. Moreover, the sanctity of life is an important factor that should be respected by one and all. The second dilemma is the ethical issues involved in the patient’s consent with regard to his treatment. Patient’s autonomy to decide about his medication and his welfare has increasingly become a critical issue within the medical field. Medical paternalism is also a strong issue here. Dr. House is famous for his brilliant but unconventional methods and therefore, his beliefs that he knows more than patients, reveals his paternalistic attitude. Last but not the least important dilemma is that of non-maleficence which dissuades doctors to deliberately harm the patients. These are crucial issues which pose serious challenges for the medical team that is treating Dr. Ezra, especially when they are asked to stop the test and put him to sleep. Answer 2 Dr. House ignores Dr. Ezra’s request for stopping further tests and his demand for euthanasia. The two main ethical principles that can be applied to support Dr. House’s actions are medical beneficence and Kantian’s theory of deontology. The principle of beneficence and non-maleficence are important ethical issues within the medical field that support Dr. House’s actions. ... Kantian’s deontology promotes the concept that the motives of actions always be right and towards the wider benefit of the people (Schneewind, 1990). Acting appropriately at all times, therefore, becomes a key issue that is not concerned with the consequences but the acts which are carried out with good motives. In this case, the House’s major concern was to diagnose the cause of the worsening medical condition of Dr. Ezra. Therefore, his insistence on the tests was aimed at giving relief to Dr. Ezra through diagnosis. House believed that the test would help him to find the cause and equip him with knowledge and information to start the right treatment and correct medication which would help the patient to fully recover. Answer 3 As a nurse, I would not condone Dr. House’s actions mainly because of two ethical principles: the patient has a right to make a decision about his treatment. Patient’s consent is very important that not only shows that he is aware of the pros and con of the treatment and therefore, but his agreement or refusal is also an empowered decision. In this case, Dr. Ezra himself was a renowned medical professional who knew the futility of tests and therefore had asked the team to stop the treatment. Dr. House’s contention that he knows best, defy the basic module of the patient’s autonomy. Furthermore, House was not sure of the diagnosis and all his test were just blind guesses for coming to a definite conclusion. The test could also have an adverse impact on Dr. Ezra’s conditions. Hence, my belief that Dr. House’s actions were not right. Secondly, the utilitarian theory of Bentham proposes that actions should give happiness to the maximum number of people (Rosentand, 2002).  Ã‚  

The Significance Of Dreams In Richard III

The Significance Of Dreams In Richard III Richard III was written by William Shakespeare and tells the story of how Richard wants to become king and does everything in his power to get there by assassinating members of his family to do so, for example, the Duke of Clarence, Lord Hastings, Lady Anne, Lord Rivers, the Duke of Buckingham, Henry VI, Prince Edward, Prince Edward V and Prince Richard. In the following piece of writing, I am going to discuss the significance of dreams in the play and how they are related to the motif of the supernatural. Although a modern audience would find the motif of the supernatural in Richard III very strange and would react to it very differently we have to keep in mind that this play was written during the Renaissance period in which people were very superstitious and England on a whole was an extremely religious country; people believed in both God and the Devil and Heaven and Hell. They also believed in the supernatural, prophecies, curses and thus the events contained within Richard III must have seemed very real to a Shakespearean audience. The motif of the supernatural which is an extremely important aspect of the play consists of ghosts, dreams, Margarets prophetic curses, the allegations of witchcraft Richard levels at Elizabeth and mistress Shore and the continual association of Richard with devils and demons (for example, he is often called a hellhound). Shakespeare uses the dark aspect of the supernatural to create an atmosphere of dread and gloom which matches the evil of Richards inner self. In addition the motif of the supernatural helps highlight the aspect of foreboding as many a times in the play the prophetic dreams and curses come true giving the reader an idea of as to what is going to happen in the near future. There are three main instances of dreams present in the play. These foreshadow the forthcoming events by showing the similar characteristics between the dream itself and reality, for example, in Act 1, Scene 4 we bear witness to the first of these three dreams. This is when Clarence is imprisoned in the tower and he dreams that he is fleeing with Richard to France, but on the ship Richard stumbles and throws Clarence overboard causing him to drown, Methoughts that I had broken from the Tower, and was embarkd to cross to Burgundy; and, in my company, my brother Gloucester; who from my cabin tempted me to walk upon the hatchesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.Methought that Gloucester stumbled; and, in falling, struck me, that thought to stay him, overboard, into the tumbling billows of the main. This dream foreshadows the near future as in reality Clarence is stabbed and drowned in a barrel of wine by the executioners who are sent by Richard. The second significant dream takes place in Act 3, Scene2 when Stanley receives a warning in a form of a dream. He dreams that a boar rips off his head, the boar had razed his helm. In this scenario the boar represents Richard as it is his heraldic symbol, Stanley tries to warn Hastings but he turns deaf ears to Stanleys advice. Later on in the play, we learn that Hastings was beheaded on Richards orders. This reminds us the similarity between the dream and reality itself and the extent of the resemblance between the two simply helps highlight the supernatural aspect of the play. The third and most important dream occurs in Act 5, Scene 3 right before Richard and Richmond head out for battle. Here, Richard and Richmond are visited by a parade of eleven ghosts (all those people who Richard had killed in the past). Some of these ghosts include, Prince Edward, King Henry VI, Clarence, Rivers, Grey, Vaughan, Hastings, the young princes, Lady Anne and Buckingham. All the ghosts follow a particular pattern They constantly curse Richard and discourage him by saying things like, Despair and Die. On the other hand, they praise and bless Richmond and encourage him by saying things like, Live and Flourish and they hope that he wins the battle and ends Richards gruesome reign. This is an extremely significant dream, as the element of foreboding is once again emphasized as true to the ghosts word, Richmond wins the battle by defeating Richard and becomes the new King of England. To conclude, dreams are a very important part of the play as they greatly contribute to the motif of the supernatural. In addition, I feel that the play is made much simpler for the reader by the existence of these dreams as he/she can predict the outcome of particular situations by evaluating these dreams and this helps the reader understand the play better. The extent of accuracy of these dreams simply heightens the motif of the supernatural and I personally believe that without the presence of these dreams, the play would be incomplete.

Comparing Hitler and Napoleon Essay -- Compare Contrast Hitler Napoleo

Comparing Hitler and Napoleon There were differences between Hitler and Napoleon, however I feel there were more similarities. They were both immigrants in the country they ended up ruling, both conquered most of Europe, both had radical views about fighting, and both were very quick in their fighting. However, the most significant similarities between the two leaders is how they were accepted as monarchs in a previously democratic society, and what they did for the countries after becoming monarchs. Hitler and Napoleon were accepted as monarchs for three major reasons. Both countries were hoping for the returning strength of the monarchy. The people of Germany and France were tired of inflation, and threats of invasion, and both militaries preferred aggressive patriots at their head instead of a politician. Both countries needed someone because they were both in economic chaos. Both men were intent in building a new type of state with a new social order. Both enjoyed the advantage of more or less unlimited power, yet they assumed this power very carefully and legally. When they assumed power they did much for their countries. They both pursued vigorous economic plans that balanced each countries' budgets, which had not been done in years. Napoleon balanced the budget in 1802, the first time it had been balanced in over seventy years, and Hitler managed to balance Germany's budget by 1938. Both men ended unemployment in their countries with nationwide projects, ho...

The Management Efficiency Unit

I have been working in the Public Registry for the last 8 years.   The location of the offices is quite distant from my residence and sixteen other colleagues that work in the aforesaid department have the same problem.   Every morning we are required to travel a one hour ferry and nearly 2 hours drive to arrive at work.The Management Efficiency Unit noted this issue and finally top management decide to take remedial action by requesting a transfer to another department, the Treasury Section, which mitigates such location problem.Unfortunately the scheme designed by executive management was not properly planned.   They also did not discuss this issue with operational managers who possess far greater knowledge on the day to day running of the office.   As a result the decision lacked practical issues and led to other problems, as will be further illustrated below.Everybody accepted the transfer and we were eventually informed that our training for the new job will take approxi mately two or three months and will take place in the head office of the Finance Department, which is also distant.   The new job was highly technical and involved a lot of accountancy issues, which the majority of us were not capable to comprehend that easily.The three months passed and we were still unable to work unsupervised from our tutors.   The impracticality of the decision was highlighted from the fact that our principal in charge, who was also taking training was still incapable to work on his own after three months.When these issues started to crop up, crises management arose.   A new assistant director was assigned to this division, who once realized of the vast serious problems arising from such decision, he immediately denied this new role.Demotivation arose in our section and staff is constantly complaining about the problems we are facing.   In addition no communication exists between us and executive management and we are alone with this new work, which we a re not trained to do.The only reasonable solution that management was able to come up with is to extend the duration of the training to eight months.   However with this decision they have not yet solve the problem that the location of the office is far from home and are incurring additional costs to train us.If they planned carefully before deciding and discussed it with operational managers they would have definitely solved the problem more efficiently.   It is imperative that when managing change proper communication and planning exist.Reference:Johnson G.; Scholes K.; Whittington R. (2005). Exploring Corporate Strategy. Seventh Edition. England: Pearson Education Limited.   

Case Study Of Ongc Videsh Limited Example For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1980 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) (incorporated on June 23, 1993) is an Indian public sector petroleum company. It is a Fortune Global 500 company ranked 152nd, and contributes 77% of Indias crude oil production and 81% of Indias natural gas production. It is the highest profit making corporation in India. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Case Study Of Ongc Videsh Limited Example For Free" essay for you Create order It was set up as a commission on August 14, 1956. Indian government holds 74.14% equity stake in this company. ONGC is one of Asias largest and most active companies involved in exploration and production of oil. It is involved in exploring for and exploiting hydrocarbons in 26 sedimentary basins of India. It produces about 30% of Indias crude oil requirement. It owns and operates more than 11,000 kilometres of pipelines in India. Until recently (March 2007) it was the largest company in terms of market cap in India. ONGC Videsh : ONGC Videsh Limited (OVL) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) the flagship national oil company of India. OVL was rechristened on 15th June 1989 from the earstwhile Hydrocarbons India Private Limited, which was incorporated on 5th March, 1965. Over a period of time, OVL has grown to become the second-largest EP company in India both in terms of oil production and oil and gas reserve holdings. The primary business of OVL is to prospect for oil and gas acreages abroad including acquisition of oil and gas fields, exploration, development, production, transportation and export of oil and gas. OVLs international oil and gas operations produced 8.78 MMT of O+OEG in 2008-09 as against 0.252 MMT of O+OEG in 2002-03. OVLs overseas cumulative investment has crossed USD 9.7 billion. OVL participates and operates in varied environments both political and geographical, it is committed to the highest standards of Occupational Health, Safety and Environment protection and compliance to all applicable local laws and regulations. Understanding well its Corporate Social Responsibility, OVL makes valuable contributions to the communities and economies in which it operates by investing in education and training, improving employment opportunities for nationals, and providing medical, sports and/or agricultural facilities, besides payment of tax revenues to local governments. FDI by ONGC of India: A case study of ONGC Videsh Limited (OVL) Case : With the pace at which India Inc is expanding its footprint abroad, the countrys outward foreign direct investment (FDI) may very well catch up with inward FDI. In 04-05, Indian direct investment abroad aggregated $1.54bn on the back of a drive by manufacturing companies to expand abroad. On the other hand, total FDI into the country totalled $2.32bn. According to the RBI annual report, the phase of acquiring foreign companies, which kicked off in the information technology and related services sector, has now spread to other areas. Apart from manufacturing, the non-financial services segment accounted for outward FDI of $230.1m, followed by trading at $175.5m and financial services with $6.9m. In 00-01, Indias outward FDI was just $708.3m. Maximum outward direct investments by Indian companies have been in the US during the period between April 1995 and March 05. Indian firms invested over $2 bn in the form of equity and loans in companies (IT and pharma) set up there. Russia, Mauritius, Sudan (oilfields)and the UK were other major investment destinations during the last decade. India has become an important source of FDI to the South Asian region and other countries. The most crucial destinations of Indian outward FDI till date are the United States, which accounted for 19 per cent of total cumulative outflows during fiscal years 1996-2003 and the Russian Federation, with 18 per cent of the cumulative outflows, a share that includes the $1.7 billion acquisition of a 20 per cent stake in Sakhalin Oil field by the Oil and Natural Gas Commission (ONGC) in 2001. OVL is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) Limited, Indias largest corporate by market capitalisation: US$ 11,039 million for 2002 03 (Economic Times 500) as well as its first integrated oil and gas major. ONGC is ranked 133 on the Forbes Global Best Big Companies list for 2002 2003. The wholly owned subsidiary of ONGC has been mandated to perform ONGC V idesh Limited (OVL), International Petroleum Business to accrete overseas reserves and bring the reserve replacement ratio of ONGC close to 1. OVL today is the Second largest EP company in India second only to ONGC in terms of oil gas reserves. It has 12 overseas assets and is actively seeking more opportunities across the world. With a long-term target of acquiring 60 MMTPA of equity oil and gas overseas by 2025, OVL is currently working towards a goal of 20 MMTPA by 2010. OVLs efforts have been supported wholeheartedly by the Government of India, which has allowed OVL exclusive empowerment, which provides OVL single window clearance for overseas upstream projects irrespective of investments involved. OVL has been designated as the Indian Nodal Agency for overseas petroleum business and is maintained as a permanent participant in all concerned bilateral interactions and Joint Working Groups of the Government of India. OVL has purposely been maintained as a lean and fast o rganisation so that functions and operations which are not of permanent nature can be outsourced to agencies within ONGC and in the industry. The functional Directors of ONGC serving on the OVL Board induces cohesion of corporate objectives and goal congruence in both organisations. OVL follows meritocracy and draws its human resource from ONGC. The finances for OVLs operations are mainly provided by ONGC in form of loans and equity. ONGCs overseas arm, ONGC Videsh, has invested more than $5 billion in foreign assets, including stakes in a gas field in Vietnam, Russias Sakhalin-1 and Sudans Greater Nile Project, where ONGC has a 25 percent stake. If the agreement is concluded, this would not only be the single largest foreign transaction by an Indian company in the countrys 58 year independent history but also the single biggest foreign credit extended to a Russian company. ONGC has already invested US$2.77 billion in Sakhalin-1 If the loan and equity agreement goes through, O NGC will become the largest foreign direct investor in Russian Federation. Indian government has sought sovereign guarantees from Russian government over the loan because the market capitalization of Rosneft is less than half the loan amount being discussed. Even if such a guarantee does not come forth, Indian officials reportedly believe they have a natural safety net in investing in Russia because of strong strategic ties between the two countries. both sides have benefit of decades of trust and reliability. They have been partners for nearly fifty years. It is a time tested relationship and when two Russian-Indian state owned companies talk to each other, they know that commitments given are commitments kept. ONGC Videsh Limited (OVL), acquired five properties abroad for exploration in the last financial year. It operates in 14 properties in 12 countries. ONGC Videsh Ltd, the overseas arm of state-run Oil and Natural Gas Corporation has reported a six-fold jump in its net p rofit to Rs 428.53 cr in 2003-04, which makes it the countrys second largest oil and gas exploration firm after its parent. The company, which has stakes in oil and gas properties in nine countries, earned Rs 3,502 crore revenue during last fiscal as opposed to Rs 233 crore in 2002-03. OVL produced 3.323 million tonnes of crude oil and 0.523 billion cubic metres of natural gas in 2003-04. The output compares to 3.01 million tonnes of crude production of Oil India Ltd and 2.5 million tonnes of private firms put together. At the end of 2003-04, the company owned 199 million tonnes of oil and oil equivalent reserves that were second only to ONGCs 1128 million tonnes reserves. Key Facts : Indian FDI aggregated $1.54bn Outward FDI $708.3bn ONGC acquires 20% stake in Russia, other destinations include Mauritius, Sudan (oilfields) and UK during the last decade OVL subsidiary of ONGC to acquire overseas reserves and bring reserve replacement ratio close to 1 ONGC has 12 overseas assets Long term target of acquiring 60 MMTPA by 2025, 20MMTPA by 2010 Strategic objective of parent and GOI Strategic direction formulated Rapidly changing nature of the global petroleum industry OVL designated Indian Nodal Agency for overseas petroleum business OVL follows meritocracy Financial directions provided by ONGC loans; interest free advances; equity Invested more than $5bn foreign assets Nile project 25% stake gas fields in Vietnam, Russia Invested US$2.77bn in Sakhalin, Russia, if deal secured largest FDI investor in Russia ONGC diversified into downstream sector taking over MRPL from A V Birla Group in retailing OVL acquired 5 a ssets abroad for gas exploration operating 14 assets in 12 countries OVL earned Rs. 3502 Cr revenue last fiscal through its FDI Case Analysis : KEY REASONS TO TAKE UP FDI ABROAD Indian companies are increasingly buying up companies abroad as strategic acquisition. Thus, FDI now flows both ways. This two-way flow of FDI has radically altered the age-old impression that FDI means only a unidirectional flow of capital that is inwards. The best known example of Indian corporates making strategic investments abroad include Tata Steel buying Corus Inc and Aditya Birla group wrapping-up the aluminium major Novelis Inc. Of course, the latter has been for long the well-known Indian multinational. There have also been acquisitions abroad by medium-sized Indian companies such as Godrej and Marico. ONGC has been making investments in the energy sector abroad. All these point to the growing competitiveness of the Indian corporate sector, a newfound sense of confidence and of course, vaulting ambition to be a global player. So, the two-way flow of FDI means that not only is the world taking note of Indias market potential, Indian companies too are constantly on th e lookout for synergistic acquisitions overseas. While it may make commercial sense for Indian corporates to invest abroad, it is also an indication of the perceived inadequacy of natural resources within the country and the policy-roadblocks that stymie their exploitation. Lack of transparency and absence of long-term policies deter free flow of investments. The increasing competitiveness of Indian firms and their interest to expand globally, particularly in IT-related services and pharmaceuticals, are driving its outward FDI growth. Access to markets, natural resources, distribution networks, foreign technologies and strategic assets, such as brand names, are the main motivations. The liberalization of government policies and relaxation of regulations on FDI abroad have also helped. Indian outward FDI is expected to grow, in particular in IT and software services. Indias membership in various regional integration arrangements also provides Indian firms with a favorable platform to strengthen their presence in these partner economies. Not least, the encouragement and the significant liberalization of policies by the government of India will continue to play an instrumental role in the expansion of Indian firms abroad. Indeed, the emergence of developing countries as sources of outward FDI is a new phenomenon. It suggests that enterprises in developing countries are building up the capabilities to compete in international markets. Over the past 15 years, a number of developing countries have begun exporting capital, both in the form of portfolio investments and direct investment. According to World Development Report by UNCTAD, the outward FDI stock from developing countries increased from $60 billion in 1980 to $859 billion in 2003. The share of developing countries in global outward FDI flows reached about 10%. South Korea, Malaysia and Singapore have been outward investors for some time; Brazil, China, India and South Africa are now fol lowing suit. ONGC INSISTING EQUITY SHARING? BETTER OFF WITHOUT FOREIGN PARTNER? Helps the company raise capital with the help of equity -less direct investment by the company. Less out flow of foreign exchange from the country. Choice of importing the raw materials of our own choice(crude and gas in this case). The foreign partner helps in understanding the market better at the host country. Also in the operations and in sharing the costs. The larger part of the dividend goes to the foreign partner. The foreign partner is trusted by the investors in the host country. The interests of the home country are saved. Often technological expertise is gained by the home country company.

Marketing Mix A Marketing Strategy - 1907 Words

According to the Economic Times, a marketing mix ‘refers to the set of actions, or tactics, that a company uses to promote its brand or product in the market.’ (http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/definition/marketing-mix).Define and critically evaluate the key areas of marketing mix that should be included as a part of successful marketing strategy: Use a case study to examine each area in detail. Marketing mix is a tool used by companies to strengthen products brand and help to sell the product or service. Companies have to work out a successful marketing strategy with a marketing mix. However, a lot of companies still do not have a deep understanding of the concept of marketing mix and cannot implement it properly, which results in a†¦show more content†¦(CIM, 2015, p.5). Due to the development of service industry, another three ps were added namely people, process and physical evidence. (Martin, 2014). The 7ps model has been widely used in many companies, which has made great success in business, such as McDonald’s. They have successfully implemented 7ps in their market strategy, which make them the largest world s leading fast food service retailer with over 36,000 locations in over 100 countries. (McDonald’s, 2014) Product is the most important element in marketing mix. Marketers should fully understand consumer demand and after that, products can be designed with the proper quality to satisfy their expectations in present and future. (CIM, 2015, p.5) Whenever companies launch a new product, marketers should do market research at first. Besides, they should track customers’ needs and preferences regularly by a system, such as online communities and apps. The product strategy of McDonald’s strictly followed these principles. There are a variety of food and drinks in the menu of McDonald’s, which can meet customers’ different demand, all of which developed after intensive market research of customers’ preferences.( McDonald’s , 2008) Moreover, in order to meet the

The Inequalities of Income Investment Growth - 1234 Words

In â€Å"Economic Elites, Investments, and Income Inequality† from the academic journal, Social Forces, graduate Ph. D student from Ohio State University, Michael Nau presents throughout his study the rise of an additional factor that has evidently influenced the concentration of vast amounts of income among the elite class, income from investments. In this era, the common beliefs were that demography, labor market institutions, and technology were causing the inequality to rise and for the elites to produce this astounding amounts of income. Nau’s findings present how the debate over the incomes of the elites has to be expanded apart from the ‘working rich class’ to also include the income producing wealth. In addition, Nau presents how the†¦show more content†¦Research Methods: The Federal Reserve Board’s Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) was the study used on this article for its main analysis. This survey dates from the 1992 to 2010, and includes the information of household income, wealth holding, and other financial topics. In addition, the survey includes a subsample of the most affluent households, and groups them into different categories according to their wealth. However, the edge key that makes the SCF better than other surveys is the fact that it has more information when it comes to the different financial situations of the elites. As a result, the SCF is considered by many experts in the field of finance as one of the best sources on the wealth and investment behavior of the citizens in the United States. This SCF survey serves the purpose of being the main method used in this article to test the hypotheses presented by the author. For instance, to test the first hypothesis, â€Å"that income concentration at the top was driven by investment gains,† the SCF tracks the top one percent’s investment income. 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China’s global integration has assisted their impressive economic performance and the associated improvementsRead MoreRelationship Between Inequality And Economic Growth1370 Words   |  6 Pagesduring the economic reforms, which started in 1978 and are still going on until nowadays, China has had continued presence of inequality. In my work I overview the evolution of inequality that could be divided into two historical periods: pre-reform period (1949-1978) and the reform period (1978- onwards). I also examine the correlation between inequality and economic growth in China. Although, with the sustained economic development and increase of living standards for the last three decades, China’s

Health and Social free essay sample

I am trying to discover the physiological disorder asthma has affected the way he lives, how it affected the lungs and the way he breaths. For the interview I thought of suitable questions which I would be asking the individual such as how did you recognize how you had asthma ? , how did asthma come into the system (genetic or natural). What was the age you found out you had asthma and how long have you had the physiological disorder for? I spoke to the individual and ask my questions in the right manner and in a orderly way, the individual had answer the questions the best way and detail as possible and I’ve collected all the information by writing down what he has explained after each questions I’ve asked, the interview went on for 20-30 minutes. I didn’t have to explain to the individual who I was as I was a family member and I explained to him what I was doing which was talking about a physiological disorder. We will write a custom essay sample on Health and Social or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Asthma is a common long term condition that can cause cough, wheezing and breathlessness. These are severity of the symptoms which can vary from person to person, and asthma can be controlled well in most people most of the time. Asthma is caused by inflammation of the airways, these are small tubes called bronchi which would carry oxygen in and out of the lung, as the individual bronchi would inflame and become more sensitive than normal, when the individual comes into contact with something that irritates his lungs (trigger off) his airways become narrow and the muscles around the lungs tighten which makes him have problems with difficulties breathing, wheezing and coughing and also tight chest. A symptom of his asthma is an asthma attack, which may require treatment from hospital care professionals as it although rare. The individual has chronic asthma which is long term, long term inflammation of the airways may lead to more permanent narrowing, the individual has had asthma since he was a young man, his causes of asthma wasn’t fully understood as it was run in the family as his mother and father both had the condition. The common triggers of the individual was anything which irritated the airways in his body and brings on the symptoms of asthma, the common triggers which set is condition off was talking in smoke while present around smokers in the house hold, exercise which was walking, in the fresh air watching rugby as he is a big rugby supporter. His symptoms may trigger off as of the weather conditions, change of temperature, cold air and windy days. The causes of the individual asthma was genetic, also the symptoms of the condition could range from mild to severe as the asthma could get significantly get worse which is an asthma attack as some of his symptoms may include him feeling breathless which causes him to gasp for breath and also taking in oxygen also coughing which happens at day or may happen at night. He had experience these signs and symptoms at the age of 27 as he was at the gym exercising and suddenly lost his breath while running on the treadmill and it had triggered of the asthma. The individual diagnosis the is likely to be able to make a the diagnosis as his GP asked him about his condition and how the symptoms happen, how often they happen and also if you notice anything witched started the asthma off. The test which the GP carried out about his condition was the spirometry which carried out to access how well his lungs works, also he had to breathe into a machine called a spirometer. The spirometer takes two measurements which is the volume of his air that breaths out in 1 second as called the focused expiratory volume in 1 second and the total breaths he breaths out is called the forced vital captivity. The GP asked him to breathe out a few times to get a consistent reading and that the reading is compared with normal measurement for his age, which of shown him if his airways are obstructed. The PEFR (perk expiratory flow rate test) which is a small hand held device which is known as a perk flow meter which measured how fast he could blow air out of the lungs in one breath. This peak flow would be taken home with him and daily recording would be taken to help him to recognize if his asthma worsen, also he told me what other test what other tests which the GP give him were an allergy testing, airway response awareness and airway inflammation. The treatment which he had with his asthma which the GP was helping him get the asthma under controlled and from worsening, the care for his condition was good as he had all the full information about his condition and also knowing how to control the asthma, he was having regular checks up to ensure his asthma as under good control and the treatment was right for him, as he was given two inhalers which were blue and brown, but now his asthma have worsen as he overweight and he also unhealthy but now only one inhalers.  He told me that his asthma personal plan which him and the doctor suggested would help him in to what steps to take for decreasing the condition from getting worse.

Research at the Site of Ur free essay sample

A paper which explains research findings at the archaeological site of the city of Ur. The site of Ur, an ancient city in Mesopotamia, is an archaeological site rich in findings of the Sumerian culture and history. This paper explains how the city of Ur was discovered in the mid seventeenth century and details some of the fascinating findings of the place such as the Royal Cemetery and a detailed burial chamber. At the end of the pit, the team found the kings tomb chamber. A second stone chamber was built up against it, with the tomb of the queen, who owned the chariot and other offerings found in the upper pit. Her name, Shub-ad, was inscribed on a cylinder seal. Her body was still in the tomb. The upper part of her body was completely hidden by a mass of beads of gold, silver, lapis lazuli, carnelian, agate, and chalcedony. We will write a custom essay sample on Research at the Site of Ur or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Her headdress was a more elaborate version of the ones found on the remains of the court ladies. This discovery showed that the graves of the king and queen had been exactly alike but that the queens chamber had sunk below the ground level of her grave pit. According to Woolley, they were probably husband and wife, and the king had died first. The queen, wanting to lie as close to him as possible, had been buried next to him.

Efficient Supply Chain Management Processes

Efficient Supply Chain Management Processes Introduction While the importance of proficient supply chain operations augments, organizations are obliged to make their processes incorporated with their chains of supply.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Efficient Supply Chain Management Processes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is significant to have a proficient supply chain, in view of the fact that the supply chain management does not only include the management of the connection between the various stakeholders, but also brings into line the achievements of the organization in realizing its corporate objectives. Nevertheless, the current global and competitive business environment necessitates a number of obligations for the organizations. For them to take part in the markets and maintain their lead, organizations are obliged to adopt various approaches founded on a good relationship with the customers, suppliers, retailers, and subsidiaries. Cons equently, a number of novel strategies and pioneering managements ought to be established in the supply chain management processes. This paper discusses efficient supply chain management processes. Supply chain management (SCM) is the â€Å"integration of key business processes from initial raw material extraction to the final or end customer, including all intermediate processing, transportation, and storage activities and final sale to the end-product customer† ( Wisner et al., 28). Supply chain is â€Å"a set of three or more companies directly linked by one or more of the upstream and downstream flows of products, services, finances, and information from a source to a customer† (Mentzer, 5; Mentzer et al., 18). SCM assumes that all companies that take part in the process of distributing goods and services to the end users are constituents of a network, pipeline, or supply chain. It involves all things that are needed to ensure that the consumers are contented and t akes account of the products they will purchase, the methods of their manufacture, and the modes of transporting them. The supply chain philosophy ascertains that the consumers get the best products at an appropriate time, at a desirable price and within the preferred locality. The rise in rivalry, intricacy, and geographical scope in the business environment has resulted in this broadened scope. The advance in information and technology has led to optimization of supply chain performance. The advent of the internet has played a pivotal role in the movement of messages within the companies in a supply chain. Companies that have adhered to SCM principles have reported considerable cost and cycle time reductions, for instance, Wal-Mart Stores Inc. reported rise in inventory turns and lowering of out-of-stock events.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More An essenti al principle of SCM is to observe the system of facilities, processes, and individuals who acquire raw materials, change them into manufactured goods, and eventually deliver them to the consumers as an amalgamated chain, instead of a cluster of different, but to some extent connected duties. The significance of this amalgamation cannot be overemphasized since the connections between the chains are the means of realizing the ultimate objective. As much as each company can have a supply chain, it does not imply that each company is able to manage optimally their supply chain to yield increased benefits. Although SCM is not complex in theory, it develops increased intricacies in practice as the company’s size and variety of products becomes larger. SCM is also intricate for the reason that companies may form constituents of a number of pipelines simultaneously. Elements of a supply chain The first element of a supply chain is production. Strategic decisions concerning production centers on the requirements of the consumers and the change in market trends as this is vital in meeting the goals of the organization. This initial phase in building up supply chain agility is concerned with the amount of products to manufacture and the various constituents that are to be produced. These strategic decisions concerning manufacturing should at the same time center on facilities available, value and quantity of the products to be made, while taking into consideration the requirements of the end-users. Alternatively, operational decisions centers on programming various operations within the organization, keeping equipment in good working condition and attending to the immediate needs of the customers. The maintenance of quality should be adhered to throughout the production process. The second element is supply. A company should be concerned with the capacity of their production to manufacture competent and good quality goods at minimized costs. However, a number of o rganizations are not able to give the required performance with the production of all the parts needed. Outsourcing is a good option to be reflected especially for parts that a company is unable to manufacture efficiently. Organizations should cautiously choose suppliers for raw materials based on developing velocity, quality and flexibility at minimized costs. In summary, an organization must make strategic decisions to ascertain their abilities to deliver quality products before outsourcing to other companies.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Efficient Supply Chain Management Processes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The next element is inventory. Strategic decisions center on inventory and the quantity of finished goods that should be kept in the stores. A crucial issue exists between holding inventory in excess, which can result in increased costs to the company, and inadequate inventory that can fail t o meet the requirements of the consumers. This delicate balance scenario is critical in successful SCM. Operational inventory decisions are most of the time focused on having adequate inventory levels at every distribution link to cater for unpredictability in the market trends in order to maintain customer loyalty. Control strategies should consider having optimal levels of stock at every point. The subsequent element is location. Location decisions revolve around the fluctuating market demands and meeting the various requirements of the customers. Strategic decisions should be based on the positioning of manufacturing facilities, distribution networks, and putting them in strategic locations to attract as many customers as possible. Once prime locations are established, lasting decisions should be reached to locate manufacturing and stocking plants to be as near the consumer as possible. In companies where constituents are light in weight and depends on the market trends, the loca tion of the plants must be within the proximity of the customer. In heavier companies, accessibility to the source of the raw material should be the major concern. Decisions pertaining to location must also take note of tax and tariff issues; particularly where geographical boundaries are major hindrances to successful marketing. Transportation is another element. Strategic decisions concerning transportation issues are associated with inventory decisions and satisfying the varied consumer requirements. For example, air transportation enables the consumer to get the product faster but at increased costs compared to transportation by sea or rail. However, using sea or rail transport is slower and usually results in accumulation of stock in the store that may fail to provide the consumer with a quick service. Therefore, it is important to consider that because thirty percent of the overall cost of a product is included in its transport cost, making the right transport decision is cruc ial. Most of all, consumer service levels should be maintained at all times. Strategically, a company should have adequate measures to make sure that products are delivered timely to the targeted markets (Hugos, 14). The last element is information. Efficient SCM involves getting information from the position of the final consumer and joining that information throughout the chain to enable its faster flow. Information is used to coordinate daily activities and for forecasting and planning in guiding the schedule of the organization.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Too much use of paperwork and inefficient computer systems are unsuitable in the current competitive business environment. Cultivating the innovation culture needs consistent flow of information within the structure of an organization. Networks that link computers to each other and the use of internet consolidate the flow of vital information in an organization. Relationships within the supply chain Information and various process systems are amalgamated across the whole supply chain. The intricacy of supply chain increases as the goods and services move from one supplier to the next within the distribution network. The fundamental duties of a company remain the same, not considering whether or not it is following SCM. Suppliers are still needed to provide raw materials while production continues. Distributors are still needed to deliver the products to the consumers for them to purchase. The usual tasks of a company do not change. The eventual disparity in a company that practices SCM is that their attention changes from the occurrences in every link to involve the relationship existing among the various links (Helms, para. 6). An organization practicing efficient SCM also realizes that the chain has relationships that surpass the usual practices within its framework. Efficient management of the relationships is the place where the integration of the supply chain starts. Whichever enhancements or interruption to the supply chain relationships influences the whole chain. The collective supply chain outcome of indecision is illustrated in the following instance. Suppose a producer of iron box gets supply of poor quality thermostat, and since the producer is dependent on its supplier for prompt delivery, the poor quality batch leads to late delivery to a number of its customers. The iron box producer is compelled to stop further production since he or she lacks adequate material. In the end, the customer gets frustrated when he or she fails to get the preferred brand and ends up purchasing from a business rival. This process also has timing costs associated with it since the customer might have made the actual decision to purchase probably some time after delivery of the substandard thermostat. A number of occurrences take place within the supply chain that is most of the time unexpected. Suppliers may at times deliver materials earlier or later than anticipated. Consumers may increase, decrease, revoke previously assigned orders, or even place large orders. Vehicles used in transportation can break down. Workers can become unwell, refuse to work, or leave the job. Products destined to the market may be of poor quality. Some time ago, organizations prepared for the unexpected and increased their level of consumer contentment by allowing inventory to rise. However, presently this option is unacceptable since high inventories lead to increased costs of transportation and the possibility of the products becoming out dated thus impairing the f lexibility of the organization. All the way through the supply chain, inventory is most of the times generated and held at various places. A section of the inventory can then be decreased or eradicated thus the organization lowers costs and improves in productivity. Reducing the amount of duration it takes to transport manufactured goods from one link of the chain to the other also reduces the cycle time of the whole chain. Therefore, this enhances the competitiveness of the organization and increases the consumer contentment. The bullwhip effect Supply chain management gives the required visibility along the chain to increase the performance of the business and if this visibility is lacking up and down the supply chain, the bullwhip effect sets in. Since the consumer demand is most of the time not predictable, organizations ought to forecast demand to correctly position inventory and other available resources. Forecasts are derived from statistical data and may not be perfectly cor rect. Since forecast inaccuracies are evident, organizations usually have to deal with an inventory buffer known as the safety stock. Across the supply chain from the end-user to the one who supplies raw materials, everyone who takes part in supply chain has had increased observed variation in demand and therefore an increased requirement for safety stock. During the times when demand is increasing, down-stream participants’ raises their orders while when demand reduces, the quantity of orders reduce or halt to lower inventory. The effect seen is that variations are increased when a person goes upstream in the supply chain (away from the consumer). The causes of bullwhip effect can additionally be categorized into behavioral and operational causes. Behavioral causes involve wrong use of base-stock policies, lack of proper sensitivity to feedback and time delays, anxiety over unfulfilled demand, and observed threats of other players’ bounded rationality. Operational cau ses include dependent demand processing that comes due to forecast errors and altering of inventory control parameters with each demand perception. Others are lead-time variability, order synchronization due to consolidation of demands and transaction motives, trade promotion and forward buying, and lastly expectation of deficiency. The bullwhip effect has a number of consequences in the supply chain as is evident in the case of Proctor Gamble (PG) company. When the company was evaluating the demand patterns at different positions in the supply chain, it realized that its customers were using diapers at a steady rate. In this case, the demand order variability in the supply chain was increased as it travelled up the supply chain. The company was not capable of noticing the retailing of its products at the distribution channel stage. It had to depend on sales orders from vendors to formulate product forecasts, arrange for capacity, manage inventory, and program for production. This inadequate visibility led to too much inventory, error in forecasts, too much or restricted capacity, poor customer services, and the damage of its public image. Every connection in the supply chain had excessive inventory to offset the consequences of demand improbability and unpredictability. Research has indicated that having this excessive inventory is equivalent to one hundred days’ of supply. Consequently, by taking into account the effect on the raw materials, the total chain can have in excess of a year’s supply of inventory. Ideally, the bullwhip effect does not take place if all orders accurately fulfill the demand at every time. This effect is a major setback in forecast-driven supply chains and cautious control of the effect is a fundamental aspect for the success of any organization. One method of realizing this is to create a demand-driven supply chain that responds to real consumer orders. Wal-Mart distribution system has realized immense success by adop ting this model (â€Å"logistics,† para.13). Other companies, for example, Hewlett-Packard, PG, and Nestle have also been able to manage this effect. Other countermeasures that have been successfully implemented to control the bullwhip effect include innovative access to information for forecasting demand, reworked price structures, or coming up with approaches to incorporate small lot sizes at the same time as still maximizing transportation effectiveness (Mason and Towill, 43). Achieving this is possible through knowing the consequences of supply chain integration, visibility and information. SCM benefits Supply chain management gives several benefits to companies, which allows them to realize long-term profitability and continue with a solid competitive edge. There are four key advantages of implementing SCM. First, it results in improved supply chain network. SCM gives a proper visibility within the entire supply chain network of an organization. This is difficult to be r ealized when working with disjointed manual processes. By the use of supply chain, customers are able to keep an eye on the condition of all the activities within the entire distribution network. This results in more efficient monitoring and control of all interrelated processes. The processes start from obtaining raw materials to changing them into finished products to be purchased by the consumers. Therefore, the condition of all the activities can be monitored throughout and prompt corrective action undertaken before the situation becomes uncontrollable. Secondly, implementing SCM leads to minimized delays. A number of supply chains, especially those that have not be improved by a supply chain application, are usually interrupted by delays which can lead to reduced customer loyalty and loss in revenues. Orders delivery behind schedule, deceleration of production, and logistical blunders in marketing are all frequent issues that are able to reduce the capability of an organization in adequately meeting the needs of its customers. Implementing SCM ensures the efficient management of all activities from the beginning to the end. This results in increased level of on-time shipment of products across the board. Implementing SCM leads to enhanced collaboration among the various stakeholders. SCM makes it possible for an organization, suppliers and distributors to know the task each one of them is engaged in at all times as it bridges the gap between them, regardless of their geographical constraints. The supply chain partners are able to share crucial information, for example, forecasts and inventory conditions. This form of immediate, uninterrupted flow of information and sharing of vital data enables the supply chain partners to be conversant, thus making it possible for a smooth flow of supply chain processes. Lastly, SCM leads to reduced costs. SCM results in enhanced inventory control, which eradicates the strain on real estate and financial implications tha t often is realized when there is a need to keep surplus products. This strategy ensures more demand that is efficient planning. Therefore, production output can be targeted to a level that minimizes wastages due to lost sales. SCM makes it possible for an organization to have enhanced relationships with merchants and its distributors. This enables purchasing and logistics personnel to discover cost-cutting chances, for example, giving volume discounts. Requirements of SCM The first requirement is consumer focus. The supply chain begins and ends with the consumers, therefore the basic focus of SCM starts by appreciating the consumers, their importance, and needs. This involves understanding the internal consumers of the company as well as the consumers at the extreme end of the supply chain. Organizations ought to find out the requirements of the consumers from the product or services they are going to purchase. They should then focus their energy towards meeting these requirements. The process of the supplier ought to be associated with the purchasing process of the consumer and performance measurement ought to be consumer focused. This is because the behavior of the last consumer would eventually influence the performance of the whole supply chain. The second requirement is Information flow. Organizations should devote their resources in communication devices that are able to give rapid flow of information from one source to the other. Information is the key to enabling quick response among the parties in the supply chain in case any changes take place. Information assists in the process of decision making, for example, assessment and investigation options. The proper flow of information is significant to the visibility of the products and services as they move all the way through the supply chain as this enhances inventory control and consumer service abilities. Because matters of trust and security are important to information integration, a number of comp anies are triumphantly addressing these matters by coming up with partnerships in business. Another requirement is employee and management support. Supply chain approaches usually need transformations in processes and customary norms. This calls for flexibility among the supply chain members to be able to incorporate novel ways and concepts. Sometimes the level of flexibility and change needed becomes complex for companies and their workers. Nevertheless, the capability to adopt essential changes will enable an organization to reap the full benefits of implementing SCM. Since the supply chain is unpredictable, companies are instructed to give room for change, anticipate resistance and find ways of tackling any eventualities. Preparation in the ideas of SCM is able to assist in this endeavor. Furthermore, the new concepts should get adequate support from all the employees and those in management. The last requirement is measurement. Usually organizations adopt methods to enhance thei r performances minus taking concrete steps to ascertain the level of their success. The methods of measuring performance should reflect on the whole supply chain and be aimed at meeting the consumer requirements. Consequently, SCM guarantees that the methods of measurement are properly adhered to in the process of adopting SCM techniques in an organization. Attaining the objectives of SCM The ways that are employed to attain the objectives of SCM can be categorized into two groups. A number of ways strive to attain these objectives by enhancing the processes in the links of the chain while other ways strive to attain these objectives through transforming the duties or the purposes of the chain. The ways employed to enhance this process consist of modeling various alternatives, efficient measurement, and enhanced forecasting. Others are cross-docking inventories (products are not allowed to stop as inventory in the distribution chain), direct store delivery (bypass distribution cente r) and electronic data interchange technology. Direct store delivery method involves products that are needed when fresh or when fast restocking is needed. Electronic data interchange technology involves the use of computers as a method of communication among two or more organizations and it is used to process various issues that arise due to transaction. Big retailers such as Wal-Mart and Kmart have initiated this technology, which ensures that information is transmitted quickly. Other ways are present that employ changing roles to attain SCM objectives. These are postponement strategies (interrupts the differentiation of products to address the changing consumer requirements), vendor managed inventory (companies reach beyond their boundaries and combine their energies with suppliers and consumers), and supplier integration (organizations focus on allying with all the key suppliers in the supply chain). Supply chain operations reference The Supply-Chain Council (a not-for-profit tr ade association) set up the supply chain operations reference (SCOR) model. The model was made to illustrate all the activities of an organization that are related to meeting the requirements of the consumer and it divides the entire supply chain activities into five management processes of plan, source, make, deliver, and return. The model has numerous subdivisions. By illustrating supply chains, SCOR can be employed to illustrate supply chains that are extremely easy or extremely difficult through employing a standard of terminologies. Therefore, unrelated organizations can be connected to illustrate in detail the parameters in any supply chain. Global projects and site-specific projects have triumphantly adopted SCOR as a foundation for meeting their objectives. SCOR is an important tool employed by organizations to evaluate the arrangement of their supply chains, discover and assess metrics in the supply chain, establish weak points and attain optimal outcomes. SCOR is a cross-i ndustry guideline for supply chain management. It gives a universal supply chain framework, guideline on terms used, and regular metrics with related point of reference. Organizations, suppliers, and consumers are able to establish integrated supply chains using it since the model can be employed as a standard guideline for assessing, locating, and adopting SCM practices. Principles of supply chain management The first principle involves starting with the consumer by appreciating their values and varied needs. Consumers are grouped depending on the service requirements of the different groups. The supply chain is then altered to efficiently meet the needs of these groupings. These groupings assist the organization to provide products customized to the targeted market segment. The second principle involves managing logistics assets across the entire supply chain, not only within the organization. Plans that are concerned with the location of distribution plants, pipeline inventory, a nd transportation activities must involve both down-channel and up-channel partners, for example, retailer-managed inventory plans will need corporation to determine various delivery issues. The next principle appertains to organizing consumer management. This ensures that it gives one â€Å"face† to the consumer for any information needed as well as providing optimal customer service. It involves corresponding suppliers’ fulfillment processes with the consumers’ purchasing behavior and it necessitates that information technology to be organized to give a single window on the order status. The subsequent principle involves integrating sales and operations planning. This forms the foundation for a more responsive supply chain, for example, ensuring that all the functions have the same forecast number. This calls for sharing of information amongst the various stakeholders in a supply chain. The fifth principle appertains to leveraging manufacturing and sourcing to ensure flexible and competent processes. Leading organizations are implementing other strategies besides the traditional approaches. Postponement tactics, for an instance such as controlling production in order to lower inventory while maintaining optimal operations in the levels of stocks, can be practiced effectively. The next principle involves building strategic alliances and relationship management within all the members of the supply chain. Even though building a true collaboration is a daunting task, the reality is that if strategic relationships are lacking, controlling the whole supply chain as a distinct unit is difficult. The last principle deals with developing consumer-driven performance measures, which will eventually be the reference point for the behaviour of all the partners in the chain. The comprehensive supply chain strategy entails coming up with measures and performance criteria that checks the financial position of the entire supply chain. Conclusion As the s trategy of total quality management (TQM), Supply chain management is an advancing process since it lacks a definite stopping point. Implementing SCM ensures that an organization records increased benefits in costs reduction and competency improvement. Supply chains involves organizations together with the business operations required to design, make, deliver, and make use of a product or service. Organizations rely on their supply chains to provide them with what they need to survive and thrive in the competitive business environment. Each organization fits into one or more supply chains and has a duty to perform in every one of them. SCM attends to difficult matters and business rivalry by exploiting and improving the supply chain in order to give tactical, economic, and profitable outcomes to the organization. Helms, Marilyn. â€Å"Supply Chain Management.† Reference for Business. 2010. Web. Hugos, Michael. Essentials of supply chain management. Hoboken: Wiley Publishing, 2006. Print. â€Å"Logistics.† 2009 Global Sustainability Report. Wal-Mart. n.d. Web. Mason, Rachel and Dennis Towill. Coping with Uncertainty: Reducing Bullwhip Behaviour in Global Supply Chains. Supply Chain Forum 1.0 (2000): 40–44. Print. Mentzer, John T. et al. â€Å"Defining Supply Chain Management.† Journal of Business Logistics 22. 2 (2001): 1–25. Print. Mentzer, John T. Supply chain management. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publication, 2001. Print. Wisner et al. Principles of supply chain management: a balanced approach. Mason: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2008. Print.